3.4 现在进行时

定义

1. 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作或发生的事。e.g. She is singing now.
2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事（此刻不一定在进行）。e.g. I am reading an interesting book these days.

常与现在进行时连用的时间标志词

时间类：
此时此刻：now，right now，at the moment，at present
此阶段：these days，this month

情景类：
看、听：look，listen
三小心：be careful， look out，watch out
找人：Where is/are …?
安静：be/keep quiet
快点：hurry up

现在进行时的结构

1. 肯定句：主语+am/is/are +现在分词+其他 e.g. He is drinking water now.
2. 否定句：主语+am/is/are + not +现在分词+其他 e.g. He isn’t drinking water now.
3. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+其他？e.g. Is he drinking water now?
   1. 肯定回答：Yes，主语+am/is/are. e.g. Yes, he is.
   2. 否定回答：No，主语+am/is/are+not. e.g. No, he isn’t.
4. 特殊疑问句：
   1. 对主语部分提问：特殊疑问词（who）+ am/is/are +现在分词+其他？
      e.g. Who is drinking water now?
   2. 对非主语部分提问：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序？
      e.g. What is he drinking now？

现在分词的变化规则

5. 一般情况下，直接在词尾加-ing。e.g. cleaning，asking
6. 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去掉e再加-ing。e.g. having，writing
7. 以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写词尾的辅音字母，再加-ing。e.g. running，stopping
8. 以ie结尾的动词，改词尾ie为y，再加-ing。e.g. die-dying，lie-lying

不用于现在进行时的动词

9. 感官系动词look，small，sound等。e.g. These flowers look beautiful.
10. 表示知道、了解到动词know，realize等。e.g. I know you.
11. 表示占有的动词be，have，hold等。e.g. I have a cute dog.
12. 表示喜好或情感的动词love，hate，wish等。e.g. I love the cute dog.

现在进行时表将来

表示瞬间动作等词，常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。常见动词：come，arrive，go，leave，die。e.g. Be careful! The bus is arriving soon.

现在进行时表情感

现在进行时与always，forever，constantly，all the time等连用，表示反复发生的动作，含有强烈的赞赏、喜好、厌恶等感情色彩。e.g. He is always telling lies.

现在进行时表变化

表示动作逐渐变化的过程，常用动词有get，come，become，go等。e.g. You are getting better and better.

现在进行时综合训练

1. Please keep quiet. All the students ————– (have) lessons at school.
2. Hurry up, kids! The school bus ———— (wait) for us.
3. Look! One of the children ———– (swim) in the lake.
4. Leo, together with his friends, ———– (discuss) a lot of problems at the moment.
5. These days, Simon ———– (do) a big project.
6. Look! The Smiths ———– (eat) dinner in the kitchen.

It’s nine o’clock at night. My family are all at home. There ——– four people in my family and we are doing different kinds of things. My brother ——— (listen) to music. He ——– (like) music very much and it is his dream to be a musician. I ——— (read) an interesting book called The Three-Body Problem. The writer Liu Cixin is really good at telling stories. My mother is washing the dishes. She has to do a lot of housework every day. What’s my father doing? He ——- (help) my mum with the housework. They ——— (talk) happily while doing the housework. It seems that everybody is busy but having a wonderful time.

难点突破

• The whole town ——- (celebrate) the opening of the new bridge with a huge party.
• Look! The children ——– (circle) a robot, talking about science development.
• At the moment I ——– (make) a pair of training shoes using an old pair of jeans, but I’ve used all kinds of different things before, from old leather handbags to old cotton dresses!